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According to the research, the product of Brazilian agriculture grew, in the period from 1961 to 2019, 3.75% per year, below only China with 4.41% per year. The product includes 162 crops, 30 types of animal and insect products and 8 agricultural products. aquaculture. Inputs are land, labor, capital and materials. When the comparison is made from the most recent years, 2000 to 2019, Brazilian agricultural productivity increased by 3.18% per year, the highest rate among the selected countries.
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Several factors explain how national agriculture reached such a level. According to the general coordinator of Policy Assessment and Information, at Mapa's Agricultural Policy Secretariat (SPA), José Gasques, in recent years, Brazil has made several reforms in the financing system, pricing policy, cutting subsidies, rural insurance and other measures that impacted agricultural productivity. “Among them, increased resources, with an emphasis on investment credit, and several lines of financing were created for commercial and family agriculture”, explains the researcher, who analyzed the USDA data.
Between 2000 and 2018, for example, the volume of resources for rural credit (funding, investment and commercialization) rose 298% in real values, according to the Central Bank. Investments in research, adoption of low-carbon agricultural practices, such as direct planting and integration systems between crops, livestock and forests, also impacted productivity gains. There is research that indicates that direct planting can increase the productivity of a corn crop by up to 30%. “These systems have brought marked gains in agricultural productivity”, he concludes.
The analysis had the participation of the Mapa Agricultural Policy Secretariat, the Center for Advanced Studies in Applied Economics (Cepea/USP), using data from the United States Department of Agriculture.
By: Eliza Maliszewski | agrolink
