[Article] Rice Bran in Animal Nutrition



Nowadays, people have stopped eating foods that are harmful to their health and started eating a healthier and more balanced diet.
The rice grain is a set of husk, endosperm, bran and germ. It is grouped as a product of greater economic consideration in developing countries.

The operation of processing paddy rice to obtain white rice produces on average 8% of rice bran, which may vary, according to reports from Sunday (1996), from 4 to 12% of grain weight.

When dealing with rice bran, a by-product resulting from the bare grinding (brown rice) for the production of white rice, there is an extensive study on rice bran and its oil, which can be composed of 30 % of polished rice and 70 % of bran.

His study points out several complexities in its use given its main characteristic, which is to turn sour in a short time, causing its degeneration.

Typically, the rice bran It is not consumed in human food, but rather in animal food.
Rice bran has considerable characteristics, especially in its chemical structure, the high oil content, which increases its chance of consumption as a source of energy mainly for birds, replacing corn due to its nutritional set, containing a high level of phosphorus, protein and lipids.

“When analyzing rice bran from different varieties, they found oil ranging from 16.72 to 21.40%. The crude protein level of rice bran is higher than that of corn. In the literature, crude protein values ranging from 8 to 17% are found. Ali et al. (1998), when analyzing rice bran from different varieties, found crude protein ranging from 14.37 to 16.25%. Regarding mineral composition, it is rich in phosphorus and manganese, in addition to higher levels of copper, iron and zinc than corn.” Ali et al. (1998)

However, heat is developed over a period of time, which causes enzymes to hydrolyze and, consequently, the oil produces acidity within a few hours. These fatty acids generate an acidic and arid taste.

With oxidation, the oil also acquires certain obsolete smells and flavors, as in these circumstances, it ends up losing valuable elements, such as antioxidants, vitamins, among others.

Dealing with older technologies, it is much more difficult to take advantage of this oil, and extracting it rice bran ends up having greater complexity, thus its refining becomes more expensive, due to its high acidity and high content of unsaponifiables, waxes and coloring, which is quite difficult to monitor.

Today, rice is grown on all five continents, with Asia leading the way in its production. Therefore, rice bran becomes intolerable for short-term animal feed, especially in regions with high humidity and temperature, such as tropical and subtropical regions.

This is due to the increase in fungi and proliferation of microorganisms, which can increase toxins, as it also has a high presence of % phytic acid and fibers that can impair the digestibility of the total nutritional composition of the diet.

“The animal nutrition market uses several raw materials, among which rice bran stands out, an input widely used in the formulation of feed for poultry, livestock, pig farming, fish farming, dogs and cats.

We can say that the benefits of rice bran are countless, but among them the excellent sources of protein and energetic, finding in a single product everything we are looking for in a complete feed for any desired application.

An interesting fact is that, according to our customers, 99% of rice bran consumption is sent to the animal sector, leaving 1% for other segments, such as being added to the mixture of other products, for soil decontamination, as well as for binding resins.”

The unit Feed Ingredients from Aboissa, has brokers specialized in the commercialization of bran and grains for animal nutrition.

Bibliography: Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, vol. 33, no. 2, p. 170-177, 1998.

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